Structural Sustainability Compliance Ontology
type: Ontology
version IRI: https://w3id.org/ssco/0.1.1
alternative: SSCO
bibliographic citation: Zhang, S.; Zhang, S.; Wu, Z. Structural Sustainability Compliance Ontology (SSCO), version 0.1.1, 2026.
contributor: Chao Wang, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation, Tianjin University
contributor: Chen Zhu, Power Construction Corporation of China
contributor: Xiaohua Wang, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation, Tianjin University
contributor: Zhiyong Jiang, China Water Resources Beifang Investigation, Design and Research Co. Ltd.
creator: Sherong Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation, Tianjin University
creator: Shihang Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation, Tianjin University
creator: Zhengqiao Wu, China Water Resources Beifang Investigation, Design and Research Co. Ltd.
description: An all-in-one publication version of the Structural Sustainability Compliance Ontology, integrating the SSCO-Core, SSCO-BFI, and SSCO-SCC modules.
issued: 2026-03-15
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
modified: 2026-03-18
rights: Copyright © 2026 Authors
preferred namespace prefix: ssco
preferred namespace uri: https://w3id.org/ssco#
version info: 0.1.1

allocates resource
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Control
range: Resource
comment: Links a control to a resource.

applies in step
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Constraint
range: Analysis Step
comment: Links a constraint to an analysis step.

applies to analysis state
type: ObjectProperty
domain: State Definition
range: Analysis State
comment: Relates a state definition to the analysis state that it defines or characterizes.

applies to item
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Constraint
range: Structural Item
comment: Links a constraint to a structural item.

belongs to item
type: ObjectProperty
domain: State Definition
range: Structural Item
comment: Links a state definition to a structural item.

consists of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Structural Item
range: Material Definition
comment: Links a structural item to a material definition.

consumes resource
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Task
range: Resource
comment: Links a task to a resource it consumes.

contains element
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Spatial Structure Element
range: Structural Element
comment: Links a spatial structure element to a structural element.

contains item
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Analysis Model
range: Structural Item
comment: Links an analysis model to a structural item.

contains process
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Spatial Structure Element
range: Process
comment: Links a spatial structure element to a process.

contains spatial structure element
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Project
range: Spatial Structure Element
comment: Links a project to a spatial structure element.

contains substructure
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: Spatial Structure Element
range: Spatial Structure Element
comment: Defines recursive containment among spatial structure elements.

for step
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Analysis Results Step
range: Analysis Step
comment: Links a results step to its analysis step.

has analysis model
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Project
range: Analysis Model
comment: Links a project to an analysis model.

has definition
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Analysis State
range: State Definition
comment: Links an analysis state to a state definition.

has final state
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Task
range: Analysis State
comment: Links a task to a final analysis state.

has initial state
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Task
range: Analysis State
comment: Links a task to an initial analysis state.

has item
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Analysis Model
range: Structural Item
comment: Links an analysis model to a structural item.

has material
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Structural Element
range: Material Definition
comment: Links a structural element to a material definition.

has results
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Analysis Model
range: Analysis Results
comment: Links an analysis model to analysis results.

has results step
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Analysis Results
range: Analysis Results Step
comment: Links analysis results to a results step.

has step
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Analysis Model
range: Analysis Step
comment: Links an analysis model to an analysis step.

has task
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Structural Element
range: Task
comment: Links a structural element to a task associated with its construction or engineering work.

is analyzed for task
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Structural Item
range: Task
comment: Links a structural item to the task for which it is analyzed.

is constructed by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Structural Element
range: Process
comment: Links a structural element to a process by which it is constructed.

is controlled by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Task
range: Control
comment: Links a task to a control.

is idealized as
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Structural Element
range: Structural Item
comment: Links a structural element to its analysis-level structural item.

precedes step
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: Analysis Step
range: Analysis Step
comment: Defines step sequence.

precedes task
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: Task
range: Task
comment: Defines sequence among tasks.

belongs to classification
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Classification Reference
range: Classification
comment: Links a classification reference to a classification.

has classification reference
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Structural Element
range: Classification Reference
comment: Links a structural element to a classification reference.

has objective
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Project
range: Objective
comment: Links a project to an objective.

has unit specification
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Project
range: Unit Specification
comment: Links a project to the default unit specification used to interpret quantitative values in the project context.

is measured by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Objective
range: Metric
comment: Links an objective to a metric.

uses classification
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Project
range: Classification
comment: Links a project to a classification system.

addresses stakeholder category
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Social Indicator
range: Stakeholder Category
comment: Links a social indicator to the stakeholder category that the indicator addresses.

applies to life cycle stage
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Sustainability Indicator
range: Life Cycle Stage
comment: Links an indicator to a life cycle stage.

applies to structural item
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Compliance Criterion
range: Structural Item
comment: Relates a compliance criterion to the structural item to which it applies.

checks criterion
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Compliance Check
range: Compliance Criterion
comment: Relates a compliance check to the compliance criterion that it checks.

contributes to impact category
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Inventory Flow
range: Environmental Indicator
comment: Links an inventory flow to an environmental indicator or impact category to which it contributes.

derives from cost item
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Sustainability Performance
range: Life-Cycle Cost Item
comment: Links a sustainability performance value, especially an economic performance value, to the life-cycle cost items from which it is derived.

derives from inventory flow
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Sustainability Performance
range: Inventory Flow
comment: Links a sustainability performance value to the inventory flow data from which it is derived.

evaluates performance
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Compliance Check
range: Performance
comment: Relates a compliance check to the performance that it evaluates as evidence.

has assessment scenario
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Project
range: Assessment Scenario
comment: Links a project to the assessment scenario that defines the goal-and-scope conditions of a life-cycle sustainability assessment.

has benchmark
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Sustainability Indicator
range: Benchmark
comment: Links an indicator to a benchmark.

has criterion
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Compliance Requirement
range: Compliance Criterion
comment: Links a compliance requirement to a compliance criterion.

has indicator
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Sustainability Aspect
range: Sustainability Indicator
comment: Links a sustainability aspect to a sustainability indicator.

has inventory flow
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Task
range: Inventory Flow
comment: Links a task to an inventory flow used in life cycle inventory analysis.

has life-cycle cost item
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Project
range: Life-Cycle Cost Item
comment: Links a project to a life-cycle cost item considered in life-cycle costing.

indicates performance
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Sustainability Indicator
range: Performance
comment: Links an indicator to a performance.

is based on performance
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Compliance Result
range: Performance
comment: Links a compliance result to a performance basis.

is checked by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Compliance Criterion
range: Compliance Check
comment: Links a compliance criterion to a compliance check.

is cost of resource
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Life-Cycle Cost Item
range: Resource
comment: Links a life-cycle cost item to the resource to which the cost refers.

is cost of task
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Life-Cycle Cost Item
range: Task
comment: Links a life-cycle cost item to the task that gives rise to the cost.

is specified by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Sustainability Indicator
range: Compliance Requirement
comment: Links a sustainability indicator to a compliance requirement that it specifies.

is subject to requirement
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Project
range: Compliance Requirement
comment: Links a project to a compliance requirement.

occurs in life-cycle stage
type: ObjectProperty
range: Life Cycle Stage
comment: Links a task, inventory flow, life-cycle cost item, or other assessment element to the life-cycle stage in which it occurs.

operationalizes
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Sustainability Indicator
range: Metric
comment: Links an indicator to a metric.

produces compliance result
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Compliance Check
range: Compliance Result
comment: Links a compliance check to a compliance result.

relates to life cycle stage
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Performance
range: Life Cycle Stage
comment: Links a performance to a life cycle stage.

reports issue
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Compliance Check
range: Nonconformity
comment: Links a compliance check to a nonconformity.

uses benchmark
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Compliance Criterion
range: Benchmark
comment: Links a compliance criterion to a benchmark.

analysis model type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Model
range: string
comment: Specifies the type of an analysis model.

analysis results identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Results
range: string
comment: Specifies an identifier assigned to a set of analysis results.

analysis software name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Model
range: string
comment: Specifies the name of the software used to create or run an analysis model.

analysis software version
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Model
range: string
comment: Specifies the software version used to create or run an analysis model.

analysis state identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis State
range: string
comment: Specifies an identifier assigned to an analysis state.

analysis step identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Step
range: string
comment: Specifies an identifier assigned to an analysis step.

baseline schedule name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Schedule Control
range: string
comment: Specifies the name of a baseline schedule represented by a schedule control.

budget baseline amount
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Cost Control
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the baseline budget amount represented by a cost control.

budget currency
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Control
range: string
comment: Specifies the local currency of a planned cost or budget value associated with a control when an explicit value-level currency needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

carbon emission unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Resource
range: string
comment: Specifies the local unit of a carbon emission value associated with a resource when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

carbon emission value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the carbon emission amount associated with a resource during a defined activity, allocation, or consumption period.

compressive strength value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Definition
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the compressive strength value assigned to a material definition.

constraint type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Constraint
range: string
comment: Specifies the type of a boundary condition or constraint.

consumption quantity
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the quantity of a resource consumed or planned for consumption.

control identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Control
range: string
comment: Specifies an identifier assigned to a control.

control status
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Control
range: string
comment: Specifies the status of a control.

control type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Control
range: string
comment: Specifies the type or category of a control.

cost performance index
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Cost Control
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the cost performance index associated with a cost control.

cost variance amount
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Cost Control
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the cost variance value represented by a cost control.

daily working hours
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Calendar Control
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the number of working hours per day defined by a calendar control.

density unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Definition
range: string
comment: Specifies the local unit of a density value assigned to a material definition when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

density value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Definition
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the density value assigned to a material definition.

degree of freedom code
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Constraint
range: string
comment: Specifies the degree of freedom to which a constraint applies.

duration unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Control
range: string
comment: Specifies the unit of a duration value associated with a control.

earliest start time
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Schedule Control
range: dateTime
comment: Specifies the earliest permissible start time represented by a schedule control.

earned value amount
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Cost Control
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the earned value amount represented by a cost control.

elastic modulus value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Definition
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the elastic modulus value assigned to a material definition.

embodied carbon factor
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the embodied carbon factor assigned to a material resource.

embodied carbon factor value
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: embodied carbon factor
domain: Material Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the numeric embodied carbon factor of a material resource, interpreted by default through the project unit specification unless a local unit is explicitly provided.

embodied carbon unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Resource
range: string
comment: Specifies the local unit of an embodied carbon factor assigned to a material resource when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

energy consumption unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Equipment Resource
range: string
comment: Specifies the local unit of an energy consumption value associated with an equipment resource when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

energy consumption value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Equipment Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the energy consumption amount associated with an equipment resource.

equipment carbon emission value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Equipment Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the carbon emission amount associated specifically with an equipment resource.

equipment utilization rate
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Equipment Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the utilization rate associated with an equipment resource.

female labor ratio
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Labor Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the ratio of female workers within a labor resource.

fuel consumption unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Equipment Resource
range: string
comment: Specifies the local unit of a fuel consumption value associated with an equipment resource when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

fuel consumption value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Equipment Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the fuel consumption amount associated with an equipment resource.

geometric representation type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Structural Element
range: string
comment: Specifies the type of geometric representation associated with a structural element.

hourly wage rate
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Labor Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the hourly wage rate associated with a labor resource.

hourly wage rate value
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: hourly wage rate
domain: Labor Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the numeric wage rate value of a labor resource, interpreted by default through the project unit specification unless a local wage time unit or local currency is explicitly provided.

idealization type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Structural Item
range: string
comment: Specifies the idealization type of a structural item in the analysis model.

is critical control
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Schedule Control
range: boolean
comment: Indicates whether a schedule control belongs to a critical path condition.

labor hour value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Labor Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the number of labor hours associated with a labor resource.

latest finish time
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Schedule Control
range: dateTime
comment: Specifies the latest permissible finish time represented by a schedule control.

load case name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Step
range: string
comment: Specifies the name or code of a load case associated with an analysis step.

local equipment ratio
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Equipment Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the ratio of an equipment resource that is deployed from local sources or local contractors.

local labor ratio
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Labor Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the ratio of a labor resource recruited locally.

local material ratio
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the ratio of a material resource obtained from local sources.

local resource ratio
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the ratio of a resource that is sourced or deployed locally.

male labor ratio
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Labor Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the ratio of male workers within a labor resource.

material grade
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Definition
range: string
comment: Specifies the grade or class of a material definition.

material name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Definition
range: string
comment: Specifies the name of a material definition.

material standard
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Definition
range: string
comment: Specifies the material standard or specification referenced by a material definition.

material waste ratio
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the ratio of material waste associated with a material resource during a task or process.

max displacement value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Results
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the maximum displacement value represented in an analysis result set, interpreted by default through the project unit specification unless a local unit is explicitly provided.

max strain value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Results
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the maximum strain value represented in an analysis result set.

max stress value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Results
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the maximum stress value represented in an analysis result set, interpreted by default through the project unit specification unless a local unit is explicitly provided.

modulus unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Definition
range: string
comment: Specifies the local unit of an elastic modulus value assigned to a material definition when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

non-working day description
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Calendar Control
range: string
comment: Specifies a textual description of non-working periods, holidays, or exceptions in a calendar control.

operating hours value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Equipment Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the operating hours associated with an equipment resource.

planned cost
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Control
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the planned cost or budget value associated with a control.

planned duration value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Control
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the planned duration value associated with a control.

planned finish time
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Control
range: dateTime
comment: Specifies the planned finish date and time associated with a control.

planned start time
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Control
range: dateTime
comment: Specifies the planned start date and time associated with a control.

prescribed unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Constraint
range: string
comment: Specifies the unit of a prescribed value in a constraint or boundary condition.

prescribed value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Constraint
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the scalar value prescribed by a constraint or boundary condition.

process identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Process
range: string
comment: Specifies an identifier assigned to a process.

process status
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Process
range: string
comment: Specifies the status of a process.

process type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Process
range: string
comment: Specifies the type or category of a process.

quantity unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Resource
range: string
comment: Specifies the local unit of a resource quantity when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

quantity value
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: consumption quantity
domain: Material Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the numeric quantity value of a material resource, interpreted by default through the project unit specification unless a local unit is explicitly provided.

recycled content ratio
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the ratio of recycled content in a material resource.

resource cost
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the total cost associated with a resource.

resource cost value
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: resource cost
domain: Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the numeric resource cost value, interpreted by default through the project unit specification unless a local currency is explicitly provided.

resource currency
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Resource
range: string
comment: Specifies the local currency of a cost value associated with a resource when an explicit value-level currency needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

resource identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Resource
range: string
comment: Specifies an identifier assigned to a resource.

resource type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Resource
range: string
comment: Specifies the type or category of a resource.

response location type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Results Step
range: string
comment: Specifies the location type at which a response variable is reported, such as nodal, elemental, or section-based.

response statistic type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Results Step
range: string
comment: Specifies the statistic type of a reported response value, such as maximum, minimum, average, or characteristic.

response variable name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Results Step
range: string
comment: Specifies the name of a response variable reported in an analysis results step.

response variable unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Results Step
range: string
comment: Specifies the unit of a response variable value.

response variable value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Results Step
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the scalar value of a response variable reported in an analysis results step.

result case name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Results
range: string
comment: Specifies the name or code of the result case represented by an analysis results set.

results date time
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Results
range: dateTime
comment: Specifies the date and time at which an analysis result set is generated or recorded.

shift count
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Calendar Control
range: positiveInteger
comment: Specifies the number of work shifts defined by a calendar control.

state description
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis State
range: string
comment: Specifies a textual description of an analysis state.

state variable name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: State Definition
range: string
comment: Specifies the name of a state variable defined for an analysis state.

state variable unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: State Definition
range: string
comment: Specifies the unit of a state variable value.

state variable value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: State Definition
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the scalar value of a state variable.

step type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Analysis Step
range: string
comment: Specifies the type of an analysis step.

strength unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Definition
range: string
comment: Specifies the local unit of a strength value assigned to a material definition when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

structural element type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Structural Element
range: string
comment: Specifies the type of a structural element in the product model.

task identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Task
range: string
comment: Specifies an identifier assigned to a task.

task method
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Task
range: string
comment: Specifies the method, procedure, or execution mode used for a task.

task status
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Task
range: string
comment: Specifies the current status of a task.

task type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Task
range: string
comment: Specifies the type or category of a task.

tensile strength value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Definition
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the tensile strength value assigned to a material definition, interpreted by default through the project unit specification unless a local unit is explicitly provided.

time unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Resource
range: string
comment: Specifies the unit of a time value associated with a resource.

total float value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Schedule Control
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the total float or schedule slack value associated with a schedule control.

transport distance unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Resource
range: string
comment: Specifies the local unit of a transport distance associated with a material resource when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

transport distance value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Material Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the transport distance associated with a material resource.

unit price
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the unit price of a resource.

usage time value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the planned or recorded time used by a resource.

utilization rate
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Resource
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the utilization rate of a resource, typically expressed as a ratio or percentage.

wage time unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Labor Resource
range: string
comment: Specifies the local time unit used by an hourly or periodic wage rate associated with a labor resource when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

worker count
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Labor Resource
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Specifies the number of workers represented by a labor resource.

working day pattern
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Calendar Control
range: string
comment: Specifies the repeating working day pattern associated with a calendar control.

classification code
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Classification
range: string
comment: Specifies a code or notation assigned to a classification entry or system.

classification edition
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Classification
range: string
comment: Specifies the edition or version identifier of a classification system.

classification name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Classification
range: string
comment: Specifies the name of a classification system.

classification publisher
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Classification
range: string
comment: Specifies the publisher or issuing organization of a classification system.

classification URI
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Classification
range: anyURI
comment: Specifies the URI or web identifier of a classification system.

external identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string
comment: Specifies an external identifier used to trace an instance back to a source model, document, or system.

metric code
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Metric
range: string
comment: Specifies a code assigned to a metric.

metric method
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Metric
range: string
comment: Specifies the method, rule, or procedure used to determine a metric.

metric unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Metric
range: string
comment: Specifies the unit used by a metric.

metric value type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Metric
range: string
comment: Specifies the value type of a metric, such as scalar, ratio, percentage, count, or boolean.

objective priority
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Objective
range: string
comment: Specifies the priority level assigned to an objective.

objective text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Objective
range: string
comment: Specifies the textual statement of an objective.

objective type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Objective
range: string
comment: Specifies the type or category of an objective, such as sustainability, cost, schedule, or compliance.

project code
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Project
range: string
comment: Specifies a code assigned to a project.

project name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Project
range: string
comment: Specifies the name of a project.

reference code
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Classification Reference
range: string
comment: Specifies the code of a classification reference assigned to an element.

reference description
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Classification Reference
range: string
comment: Specifies a descriptive statement associated with a classification reference.

reference edition
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Classification Reference
range: string
comment: Specifies the edition or version associated with a classification reference.

reference location
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Classification Reference
range: string
comment: Specifies the location path, section, or hierarchical position of a classification reference within a classification system.

reference title
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Classification Reference
range: string
comment: Specifies the title or heading associated with a classification reference.

reference URI
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Classification Reference
range: anyURI
comment: Specifies the URI or web identifier associated with a classification reference.

sequence index
type: DatatypeProperty
range: positiveInteger
comment: Specifies the ordinal position of a task or analysis step within a sequence.

source system
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string
comment: Specifies the source system or source dataset from which an instance is derived.

target date
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Objective
range: date
comment: Specifies the target date by which an objective is intended to be achieved.

target unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Objective
range: string
comment: Specifies the unit associated with a target value.

target value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Objective
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the target value associated with an objective or metric.

allocation method text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Assessment Scenario
range: string
comment: Specifies the allocation method adopted by the assessment scenario.

applicability text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Compliance Criterion
range: string
comment: Specifies a textual statement describing the applicability conditions of a compliance criterion.

assessment method name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Sustainability Performance
range: string
comment: Specifies the name of the assessment method used to establish a sustainability performance value.

benchmark source
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Benchmark
range: string
comment: Specifies the source from which a benchmark value is derived.

benchmark unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Benchmark
range: string
comment: Specifies the local unit of a benchmark value when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

benchmark value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Benchmark
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the scalar value of a benchmark used for interpretation or comparison.

check date time
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Compliance Check
range: dateTime
comment: Specifies the date and time at which a compliance check is performed or recorded.

clause identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string
comment: Specifies the clause number or clause identifier from which a requirement or criterion is derived.

comparison operator
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Compliance Criterion
range: string
comment: Specifies the comparison operator used in a compliance criterion, such as <=, >=, =, <, or >.

compliance status
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Compliance Result
range: string
comment: Specifies the status of a compliance result, such as compliant, noncompliant, partially compliant, or not assessable.

corrective action text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Nonconformity
range: string
comment: Specifies a textual statement describing a corrective action proposed or taken for a nonconformity.

cost currency
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Life-Cycle Cost Item
range: string
comment: Specifies the currency in which a life-cycle cost item is expressed.

cost occurrence year
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Life-Cycle Cost Item
range: gYear
comment: Specifies the year in which a life-cycle cost item occurs within the period of analysis.

cost type
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Life-Cycle Cost Item
range: string
comment: Specifies the type of a life-cycle cost item, such as initial, operation, maintenance, replacement, or end-of-life cost.

cost value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Life-Cycle Cost Item
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the quantified value of a life-cycle cost item.

criterion expression
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Compliance Criterion
range: string
comment: Specifies the textual expression of a compliance criterion.

criterion identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Compliance Criterion
range: string
comment: Specifies an identifier assigned to a compliance criterion.

cut-off rule text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Assessment Scenario
range: string
comment: Specifies the cut-off rule adopted by the assessment scenario.

data quality description
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Assessment Scenario
range: string
comment: Specifies a qualitative description of the data quality assumptions adopted by the assessment scenario.

discount rate value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Assessment Scenario
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the discount rate adopted for life-cycle costing analysis.

evidence reference
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Compliance Check
range: string
comment: Specifies a reference to supporting evidence used in a compliance check.

flow direction
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Inventory Flow
range: string
comment: Specifies whether an inventory flow is an input, output, emission, waste, or other directed flow.

flow name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Inventory Flow
range: string
comment: Specifies the name of an inventory flow.

flow source text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Inventory Flow
range: string
comment: Specifies the data source, dataset, or provenance statement for an inventory flow.

flow unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Inventory Flow
range: string
comment: Specifies the unit used to quantify an inventory flow.

flow value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Inventory Flow
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the quantified value of an inventory flow.

functional unit quantity
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Assessment Scenario
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the numeric quantity of the functional unit used by the assessment scenario.

functional unit text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Assessment Scenario
range: string
comment: Specifies the textual description of the functional unit or functional equivalent used by the assessment scenario.

functional unit unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Assessment Scenario
range: string
comment: Specifies the unit associated with the functional unit quantity.

indicator code
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Sustainability Indicator
range: string
comment: Specifies a code or short identifier for a sustainability indicator.

indicator name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Sustainability Indicator
range: string
comment: Specifies the name of a sustainability indicator.

indicator unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Sustainability Indicator
range: string
comment: Specifies the local unit used by a sustainability indicator when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

nonconformity code
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Nonconformity
range: string
comment: Specifies a code assigned to a nonconformity.

nonconformity text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Nonconformity
range: string
comment: Specifies a textual description of a nonconformity.

performance date
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Performance
range: date
comment: Specifies the date associated with a reported performance value.

performance unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Performance
range: string
comment: Specifies the local unit of a performance value when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

performance value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Performance
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the scalar value of a reported performance.

present value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Life-Cycle Cost Item
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the discounted present value assigned to a life-cycle cost item.

rationale text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Compliance Result
range: string
comment: Specifies the explanatory rationale associated with a compliance result.

reference document
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string
comment: Specifies the document in which a requirement or criterion is stated.

reference version
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string
comment: Specifies the version or edition of the reference document used for a requirement or criterion.

requirement identifier
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Compliance Requirement
range: string
comment: Specifies an identifier assigned to a compliance requirement.

requirement text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Compliance Requirement
range: string
comment: Specifies the textual statement of a compliance requirement.

residual value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Life-Cycle Cost Item
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the residual or terminal value associated with a life-cycle cost item at the end of the period of analysis.

result interpretation
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Compliance Result
range: string
comment: Specifies an interpretative statement associated with a compliance result.

scenario name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Assessment Scenario
range: string
comment: Specifies the name or short designation of an assessment scenario.

social subcategory text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Social Indicator
range: string
comment: Specifies the social subcategory or issue addressed by a social indicator.

stage code
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Life Cycle Stage
range: string
comment: Specifies a code or short identifier for a life cycle stage.

stakeholder scope text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Stakeholder Category
range: string
comment: Specifies a textual description of the scope or interpretation of a stakeholder category in the assessment.

study period unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Assessment Scenario
range: string
comment: Specifies the unit of the period of analysis, such as year or month.

study period value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Assessment Scenario
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the numeric period of analysis used for life-cycle costing or other time-based assessment.

system boundary text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Assessment Scenario
range: string
comment: Specifies the textual statement of the system boundary used by the assessment scenario.

technical assessment method
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Functional Technical Performance
range: string
comment: Specifies the technical or functional assessment method used to establish a functional or technical performance value.

threshold unit
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Compliance Criterion
range: string
comment: Specifies the local unit of a threshold value when an explicit value-level unit needs to override or supplement the project unit specification.

threshold value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Compliance Criterion
range: decimal
comment: Specifies the scalar threshold used in a compliance criterion for comparison.

uncertainty text
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Inventory Flow
range: string
comment: Specifies an uncertainty statement associated with an inventory flow.

Analysis Model
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024; ISO 10303-104:2000, finite element analysis.
comment: An analysis model representing the idealized structural analysis formulation for a project.

Analysis Results
type: Class
source: ISO 10303-104:2000, finite element analysis result structures.
comment: A set of analysis results produced by an analysis model.

Analysis Results Step
type: Class
source: ISO 10303-104:2000, result_analysis_step.
comment: A result subset corresponding to a particular analysis step.

Analysis State
type: Class
source: ISO 10303-104:2000, model state structures.
comment: An initial or final analysis state associated with a task.

Analysis Step
type: Class
source: ISO 10303-104:2000, result_analysis_step.
comment: An ordered step within an analysis model.

Calendar Control
type: Class
subclass of: Control
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcWorkCalendar.
comment: A control that defines working and non-working time patterns for task execution.

Constraint
type: Class
source: ISO 10303-104:2000; ISO 10303-108:2005, parameterization and constraints.
comment: A boundary condition or constraint applicable to an analysis step or structural item.

Control
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcControl.
comment: A control that governs task execution and may allocate resources.

Cost Control
type: Class
subclass of: Control
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcCostItem and related cost control concepts.
comment: A control that governs planned cost, budget, or cost-related constraints for a task or process.

Equipment Resource
type: Class
subclass of: Resource
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, construction equipment resource concepts.
comment: An equipment resource used by a task or process.

Final Analysis State
type: Class
subclass of: Analysis State
source: ISO 10303-104:2000, model state structures.
comment: An analysis state representing the final condition of an analysis task or step.

Initial Analysis State
type: Class
subclass of: Analysis State
source: ISO 10303-104:2000, model state structures.
comment: An analysis state representing the initial condition of an analysis task or step.

Labor Resource
type: Class
subclass of: Resource
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, labor resource concepts.
comment: A labor resource used by a task or process.

Line Structural Item
type: Class
subclass of: Structural Item
source: ISO 10303-104:2000, finite element idealization structures.
comment: An analysis-level structural item idealized as a line-based representation.

Material Definition
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024; ISO 10303-104:2000, material definitions.
comment: A definition of material assigned to a structural element or item.

Material Resource
type: Class
subclass of: Resource
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, material resource concepts.
comment: A material resource used by a task or process.

Process
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcProcess.
comment: A construction or engineering process associated with a spatial or structural context.

Resource
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcResource.
comment: A generic resource consumed or allocated in a task.

Schedule Control
type: Class
subclass of: Control
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcWorkSchedule.
comment: A control that governs the planned timing and sequencing of tasks.

Solid Structural Item
type: Class
subclass of: Structural Item
source: ISO 10303-104:2000, finite element idealization structures.
comment: An analysis-level structural item idealized as a solid-based representation.

Spatial Structure Element
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcSpatialStructureElement.
comment: A spatial structural context that may contain substructures and structural elements.

State Definition
type: Class
source: ISO 10303-104:2000, state_definition and field_variable_definition.
comment: A definition describing an analysis state.

Structural Element
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, structural element concepts.
comment: A structural element in the product model.

Structural Item
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024; ISO 10303-104:2000, finite element idealization structures.
comment: An analysis-level structural item idealized from a structural element.

Surface Structural Item
type: Class
subclass of: Structural Item
source: ISO 10303-104:2000, finite element idealization structures.
comment: An analysis-level structural item idealized as a surface-based representation.

Task
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcTask.
comment: A task within a process.

Classification
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcClassification.
comment: A classification system or taxonomy used by the project.

Classification Reference
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcClassificationReference.
comment: A reference that links a structural element to a classification entry.

Metric
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcMetric.
comment: A measurable quantity used to operationalize an indicator and assess an objective.

Objective
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcObjective.
comment: A project objective to be measured by one or more metrics.

Project
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcProject.
comment: A project context that contains structural, analysis, classification, objective, unit, and compliance-related information.

Unit Specification
type: Class
source: ISO 16739-1:2024, IfcUnitAssignment.
comment: A specification that defines the default units used for quantitative values within a project context.

Assessment Scenario
type: Class
source: ISO 14044:2006, goal and scope definition; ISO 15686-5:2017, period of analysis for life-cycle costing.
comment: A goal-and-scope setting that states the functional unit, system boundary, study period, allocation method, cut-off rule, and data-quality context used for a life-cycle sustainability assessment.

Benchmark
type: Class
source: ISO 21678:2020, indicators and benchmarks; ISO 21931-2:2019, benchmarks or levels of performance.
comment: A reference level or benchmark used to interpret an indicator or criterion.

Compliance Check
type: Class
comment: An activity that checks a criterion and produces a compliance result.

Compliance Criterion
type: Class
comment: A criterion used to assess whether a compliance requirement is satisfied.

Compliance Requirement
type: Class
source: ISO 37301:2021, compliance obligations.
comment: A compliance obligation that shall be satisfied and may be specified by indicators and criteria.

Compliance Result
type: Class
comment: The result produced by a compliance check.

Compliant Result
type: Class
subclass of: Compliance Result
comment: A compliance result indicating that the checked criterion is satisfied.

Construction Stage
type: Class
subclass of: Life Cycle Stage
source: ISO 15686-1:2011; ISO 15392:2019.
comment: A life cycle stage covering on-site construction and installation processes.

Consumer Stakeholder Category
type: Class
subclass of: Stakeholder Category
source: UNEP/SETAC, Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products.
comment: A stakeholder category representing consumers or end users relevant to social life-cycle assessment.

Economic Aspect
type: Class
subclass of: Sustainability Aspect
source: ISO 21931-1:2022.
comment: A sustainability aspect related to economic performance.

Economic Indicator
type: Class
subclass of: Sustainability Indicator
source: ISO 21931-1:2022.
comment: A sustainability indicator used to assess economic performance.

End-of-Life Stage
type: Class
subclass of: Life Cycle Stage
source: ISO 15686-1:2011; ISO 15392:2019.
comment: A life cycle stage covering deconstruction, disposal, recovery, or recycling processes.

Environmental Aspect
type: Class
subclass of: Sustainability Aspect
source: ISO 21931-1:2022; ISO 21931-2:2019.
comment: A sustainability aspect related to environmental performance.

Environmental Indicator
type: Class
subclass of: Sustainability Indicator
source: ISO 21929-1:2011; ISO 21931-2:2019.
comment: A sustainability indicator used to assess environmental performance.

Functional Technical Performance
type: Class
subclass of: Performance
source: ISO 15392:2019, technical and functional performance; ISO 21931-2:2019, technical and functional characteristics and functional equivalent.
comment: Technical and functional performance considered as a reference condition for sustainability assessment.

Inventory Flow
type: Class
source: ISO 14044:2006, life cycle inventory analysis.
comment: A quantified input, output, emission, waste, or other inventory flow associated with a task and used in life cycle inventory analysis.

Life-Cycle Cost Item
type: Class
source: ISO 15686-5:2017, life-cycle costing and period of analysis.
comment: A cost item occurring over a defined period of analysis and contributing to life-cycle costing.

Life Cycle Stage
type: Class
source: ISO 15686-1:2011, life-cycle stages; ISO 15392:2019, life cycle of construction works.
comment: A stage in the life cycle of a construction work to which indicators or performances may relate.

Local Community Stakeholder Category
type: Class
subclass of: Stakeholder Category
source: UNEP/SETAC, Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products.
comment: A stakeholder category representing local communities affected by the product system or constructed asset.

Noncompliant Result
type: Class
subclass of: Compliance Result
comment: A compliance result indicating that the checked criterion is not satisfied.

Nonconformity
type: Class
source: ISO 9000:2015, nonconformity; ISO 37301:2021, nonconformity and corrective action.
comment: A non-fulfilment of a requirement identified during a compliance check.

Not Assessable Result
type: Class
subclass of: Compliance Result
comment: A compliance result indicating that a valid assessment cannot be established from the available evidence.

Partially Compliant Result
type: Class
subclass of: Compliance Result
comment: A compliance result indicating that the checked criterion is only partly satisfied.

Performance
type: Class
source: ISO 21931-1:2022, framework for assessing environmental, social and economic performance; ISO 21931-2:2019, framework for assessing environmental performance.
comment: Performance relevant to sustainability assessment and related technical-functional reference conditions.

Product Stage
type: Class
subclass of: Life Cycle Stage
source: ISO 15686-1:2011; ISO 15392:2019.
comment: A life cycle stage covering product-related processes before construction.

Social Aspect
type: Class
subclass of: Sustainability Aspect
source: EN 16309:2014+A1:2014; ISO 21931-1:2022.
comment: A sustainability aspect related to social performance.

Social Indicator
type: Class
subclass of: Sustainability Indicator
source: EN 16309:2014+A1:2014.
comment: A sustainability indicator used to assess social performance.

Society Stakeholder Category
type: Class
subclass of: Stakeholder Category
source: UNEP/SETAC, Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products.
comment: A stakeholder category representing society-level concerns relevant to social life-cycle assessment.

Stakeholder Category
type: Class
source: UNEP/SETAC, Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products, stakeholder categories.
comment: A category of stakeholders used to scope and interpret social life-cycle assessment issues and indicators.

Sustainability Aspect
type: Class
source: ISO 15392:2019, sustainability in buildings and civil engineering works; ISO 21929-1:2011, sustainability indicators framework.
comment: An aspect of sustainability relevant to the assessment of construction works, typically environmental, social, or economic.

Sustainability Indicator
type: Class
source: ISO 21929-1:2011, framework for sustainability indicators and core indicators for buildings.
comment: An indicator used to assess a sustainability aspect across one or more life cycle stages.

Sustainability Performance
type: Class
subclass of: Performance
source: ISO 21931-1:2022, sustainability performance framework; ISO 21931-2:2019, environmental performance framework.
comment: Performance related to the environmental, social, or economic assessment of a construction work.

Use Stage
type: Class
subclass of: Life Cycle Stage
source: ISO 15686-1:2011; ISO 15392:2019.
comment: A life cycle stage covering use, operation, maintenance, and related service life processes.

Value Chain Actor Stakeholder Category
type: Class
subclass of: Stakeholder Category
source: UNEP/SETAC, Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products.
comment: A stakeholder category representing suppliers and other value-chain actors relevant to social life-cycle assessment.

Worker Stakeholder Category
type: Class
subclass of: Stakeholder Category
source: UNEP/SETAC, Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products.
comment: A stakeholder category representing workers or employees affected by the product system or constructed asset.